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Supreme Court decisions
No. 25-1083Jun 25, 2026ImmigrationReversed

The question

Whether aliens from Syria and Haiti challenging the termination of Temporary Protected Status are entitled to orders postponing those terminations during litigation.

Mullin v. Doe

What the Court decided

The Court held that the TPS statute bars judicial review of respondents' non-constitutional claims, so the interim relief postponing the terminations cannot stand. Section 1254a(b)(5)(A) states there is no judicial review of any determination of the Secretary of Homeland Security with respect to the designation, termination, or extension of a foreign state's TPS designation, and that language covers procedural as well as substantive claims. The Court further held that the equal protection claim that Haiti's designation was terminated because of race is unlikely to succeed. Six justices reached this outcome over a three-justice dissent.

How the justices split

6-3
In favor 6Against 3
Alito
Roberts
Thomas
Kavanaugh
Gorsuch
Barrett
Kagan
Sotomayor
Jackson

The Court's opinion in part

Alito, joined by Roberts, Thomas, Kavanaugh, Gorsuch, Barrett

Alito announced the judgment and delivered the opinion of the Court except as to Part III-A. The opinion held that Section 1254a(b)(5)(A) bars judicial review of respondents' non-constitutional claims because the statute forecloses review of any determination with respect to the designation, termination, or extension of a foreign state's TPS status. It reasoned that the term determination reaches both procedural and substantive questions and that the phrase with respect to broadens the bar's scope. It rejected respondents' theories that the bar reaches only substantive claims, only assessments of country conditions, or only the ultimate determination. It also concluded the equal protection claim that Haiti's designation was terminated because of race is unlikely to succeed. Roberts, Thomas, and Kavanaugh joined in full; Gorsuch and Barrett joined except for Part III-A.

Concurring

Thomas, writing alone

Thomas filed a concurring opinion. The syllabus does not state its reasoning.

Dissenting

Kagan, joined by Sotomayor, Jackson

Kagan filed a dissenting opinion, joined by Sotomayor and Jackson. The syllabus does not state its reasoning.

How we know · 5 sourced claims
  • The Court held that the TPS statute, 5 U.S.C. Section 1254a(b)(5)(A), bars judicial review of respondents' non-constitutional claims.

    Source: syllabus, Held

  • The Court reasoned that the term determination reaches both procedural and substantive questions, so the bar is not limited to substantive claims.

    Source: syllabus, Held

  • The Court held that the equal protection claim that Haiti's TPS designation was terminated because of race is unlikely to succeed.

    Source: syllabus, Held

  • Alito delivered the opinion of the Court except as to Part III-A, joined in full by Roberts, Thomas, and Kavanaugh, and joined except for Part III-A by Gorsuch and Barrett.

    Source: syllabus, lineup

  • Kagan filed a dissenting opinion in which Sotomayor and Jackson joined, producing a 6-3 outcome.

    Source: syllabus, lineup

Read the opinion on supremecourt.gov