U.S. Senator · Connecticut
Christopher Murphy
DemocratSenate Class 1Term through January 203146 tracked votes
46 votes total · 3 broke with party
- HCONRES 86Jun 23, 2026International AffairsPassed BothYea
Iran War Powers Withdrawal Resolution
Senate vote · 50-48
Democrats44–1Republicans4–47Independents2–0Official title: Directing the President, pursuant to section 5(c) of the War Powers Resolution, to remove United States Armed Forces from hostilities with Iran.
What this does
This concurrent resolution invokes section 5(c) of the War Powers Resolution to direct the President to pull United States Armed Forces out of hostilities against the Islamic Republic of Iran. It carves out forces the President finds necessary to defend the United States or an ally or partner from an imminent attack. That self-defense exception applies only if the President fully meets the reporting requirements of section 5(b) of the War Powers Resolution for any such use of force. The directive also does not apply where military action is explicitly authorized by a declaration of war or by a specific congressional authorization for the use of military force against Iran.
The resolution is a single operative clause with no divisions, titles, or unrelated riders. Everything it directs concerns removing forces from hostilities with Iran under the War Powers Resolution, so it reads as one self-contained measure.
- HR 6644Jun 22, 2026Housing and Community DevelopmentBundledBecame LawYea
21st Century ROAD to Housing Act
Senate vote · 85-5
Democrats41–0Republicans42–5Independents2–0What this does
This law is a housing package spanning twelve titles. It reauthorizes the HOME Investment Partnerships program and rewrites how housing qualifies for it, raising the home-ownership purchase-price ceiling from 95 to 110 percent and extending eligibility to families earning up to 100 percent of area median income. It reforms federal housing counseling programs. It directs HUD to publish model code guidelines for single-stair, point-access block residential buildings up to six stories. It exempts USDA rural housing built on infill sites from environmental study requirements. It creates pilot programs, including an FHA small-dollar mortgage pilot for loans of $100,000 or less, a whole-home repairs pilot, a temperature-sensor pilot, and an escrow pilot that shields a tenant's rising earnings from rent increases. It raises FHA multifamily mortgage loan limits and the loan caps for manufactured-home and property-improvement financing. It converts the Rental Assistance Demonstration into a permanent program and raises its unit cap from 455,000 to 555,000. It creates competitive grants tied to local housing supply growth, including a $200,000,000-per-year Innovation Fund for fiscal years 2027 through 2031, and adjusts Community Development Block Grant allocations to reward jurisdictions that build more housing and cut those that build less. It lets manufactured homes be built without a permanent chassis and requires states to treat them on par with chassis-built homes or prohibit their sale. It bars large institutional investors that control 350 or more single-family homes from buying additional single-family homes, subject to broad exceptions, with civil penalties up to $1,000,000 or three times the purchase price. It prohibits the Federal Reserve from issuing a central bank digital currency. It relaxes several bank and credit-union rules, including raising the asset threshold for on-site supervisory testing from $3,000,000,000 to $6,000,000,000. It authorizes no additional appropriations.
A member could not vote for this housing package without also voting to prohibit the Federal Reserve from creating a central bank digital currency. That prohibition, in Title XI, is a monetary-policy measure with no connection to housing. Title IX likewise carries a set of bank and credit-union rule changes, framed as strengthening community banks' role in housing but reaching general banking supervision, such as raising the supervisory-testing asset threshold to $6,000,000,000 and easing brokered-deposit limits. The other ten titles all serve housing: financing, supply, manufactured housing, veterans, program reform, and oversight. The title names a housing bill. The text also carries currency and banking policy.
- S 2Jun 5, 2026ImmigrationBecame LawNay
Secure America Act
Senate vote · 52-47
Democrats0–44Republicans52–1Independents0–2Official title: Estimated Budgetary Effects of S. 2, the Secure America Act
What this does
Appropriates roughly $69.5 billion for border and immigration enforcement for fiscal year 2026, to remain available until September 30, 2029. Title I funds $9.55 billion for Border Patrol agents and support personnel doing work other than immigration and customs enforcement, $7.45 billion for Homeland Security Investigations (of which $108.5 million goes to child exploitation investigators and forensics analysts), $3.45 billion for inspection, surveillance, and screening technology, and $2.5 billion in additional Homeland Security funds. Title II funds $13.02 billion for Customs and Border Protection to carry out immigration enforcement, $31.075 billion for Immigration and Customs Enforcement, and another $2.5 billion for Homeland Security. Inside the ICE money, at least $350 million is set aside to arrest 'covered unlawful aliens' encountered in jurisdictions that have not signed a 287(g) agreement or certified compliance with federal information-sharing law, and none of that set-aside may be used to release those aliens into the community except as required by existing law. The ICE money also funds expansion of 287(g) agreements with state and local authorities. The bill is written as reconciliation pursuant to title II of S. Con. Res. 33.
A single yes released all seven appropriations together, from Border Patrol hiring to the $31.075 billion ICE account, with no way to fund some and withhold others. Policy conditions ride inside the money: the $350 million set-aside restricts releasing detained aliens, its 'covered unlawful alien' definition reaches people charged or arrested but not convicted, and the funds are directed toward expanding 287(g) agreements. Every provision serves one subject, border and immigration enforcement, so this reads as a single-subject reconciliation package rather than an omnibus of unrelated divisions.
- HJRES 140Apr 16, 2026Public Lands and Natural ResourcesBecame LawNay
Overturning the BLM Public Land Order 7917
Senate vote · 50-49
Democrats0–45Republicans50–2Independents0–2Official title: Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to Public Land Order No. 7917 for Withdrawal of Federal Lands; Cook, Lake, and Saint Louis Counties, MN.
What this does
This joint resolution uses the Congressional Review Act to overturn a Bureau of Land Management action. It disapproves the rule relating to Public Land Order No. 7917, which withdrew federal lands in Cook, Lake, and Saint Louis Counties, Minnesota, and provides that the rule has no force or effect. The disapproved order is identified as published at 88 Fed. Reg. 6308 on January 31, 2023.
Single subject. The resolution does one thing: nullify a single named Bureau of Land Management land-withdrawal order under the Congressional Review Act.
- HJRES 142Feb 12, 2026District of ColumbiaBecame LawNay
Blocking a D.C. Income-Tax Conformity Act
Senate vote · 49-47
Democrats0–45Republicans49–0Independents0–2Official title: Disapproving the action of the District of Columbia Council in approving the D.C. Income and Franchise Tax Conformity and Revision Temporary Amendment Act of 2025.
What this does
Congress overturns a District of Columbia tax measure. The resolution disapproves the D.C. Income and Franchise Tax Conformity and Revision Temporary Amendment Act of 2025 (D.C. Act 26-217), which the Council of the District of Columbia enacted on December 20, 2025 and transmitted to Congress on December 30, 2025 under the District of Columbia Home Rule Act. Under the Home Rule Act's review process, this disapproval blocks the D.C. Act from taking effect.
Single subject. The entire resolution is one disapproval of one named D.C. Council act, with no other provisions attached.
- HR 7148Jan 30, 2026AppropriationsBundledBecame LawNay
Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2026
Senate vote · 71-29
Democrats22–23Republicans48–5Independents1–1What this does
The act funds much of the federal government for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2026, packaging separate appropriations bills into one measure. Division A is the full Department of Defense budget, including $54,538,366,000 for Army military personnel and $58,249,178,000 for Army operation and maintenance. Division B funds the Departments of Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education. Division D funds Transportation and Housing and Urban Development. Division E funds the Treasury, the Executive Office of the President, the Judiciary, the District of Columbia, and independent agencies. Division F funds the Department of State and foreign operations. Beyond the spending, the act carries policy divisions: Division G bars any funds from reaching the United Nations Relief and Works Agency; Division H treats the earlier continuing resolution as covering the appropriations lapse that began on or about January 31, 2026, and ratifies obligations incurred during it; Division I extends expiring authorizations, including the National Flood Insurance Program through September 30, 2026; and Division J extends a set of Medicaid and Medicare provisions, including telehealth flexibilities and the acute hospital care at home waiver. Section 6 pays $174,000 to Jill Marie LaMalfa, widow of Representative Douglas L. LaMalfa.
One vote carried nine separate divisions. A yes on this measure was a yes on the entire Defense budget, the Labor-HHS-Education budget, the Transportation-HUD budget, the Financial Services and General Government budget, and the State and foreign operations budget at once, plus a continuing-appropriations division, a division of expiring-authorization extenders (the flood insurance program, grain standards, the CFTC whistleblower program), and a division of Medicare and Medicaid extenders. It also carries a $174,000 payment to a deceased member's widow and a prohibition on funding a United Nations agency. The lettering skips Division C.
- HR 6938Jan 15, 2026Economics and Public FinanceBundledBecame LawNayBroke with party
Commerce-Justice-Science and Energy-Water Appropriations, 2026
Senate vote · 82-15
Democrats35–9Republicans46–5Independents1–1Official title: H.R. 6938, Commerce, Justice, Science; Energy and Water Development; and Interior and Environment Appropriations Act, 2026
What this does
The Act provides full-year fiscal 2026 appropriations across three divisions. Division A funds the Departments of Commerce and Justice, science agencies, and related agencies, including line items such as $582,000,000 for the International Trade Administration and $400,000,000 for Economic Development Assistance Programs. Division B funds the Army Corps of Engineers civil works, the Department of the Interior's water programs, the Department of Energy, and independent agencies. Division C funds the Department of the Interior, the Environmental Protection Agency, and related agencies. An explanatory statement is given the effect of a conference report for allocating the funds within each division.
Three divisions under one short title. A single yes funded the Commerce-Justice-Science bill, the Energy and Water Development bill, and the Interior and Environment bill together. Any member wanting one of the three had to take all three.
- HJRES 131Dec 4, 2025EnergyBecame LawNot voting
Overturning the BLM Coastal Plain Oil and Gas Plan
Senate vote · 49-45
Democrats0–42Republicans49–1Independents0–2Official title: Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to Coastal Plain Oil and Gas Leasing Program Record of Decision.
What this does
This resolution overturns the Bureau of Land Management's Coastal Plain Oil and Gas Leasing Program Record of Decision, issued December 9, 2024. Using the Congressional Review Act, it declares the record of decision has no force or effect, undoing BLM's chosen framework for oil and gas leasing on the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge coastal plain. The resolution rests on a Government Accountability Office opinion, dated August 25, 2025 and printed in the Congressional Record, that treats the record of decision as a rule subject to the Act.
Single subject. The resolution nullifies one named BLM leasing decision and contains nothing else.
- HJRES 130Nov 20, 2025Public Lands and Natural ResourcesBecame LawNay
Overturning the BLM Buffalo Resource Plan
Senate vote · 51-43
Democrats0–41Republicans51–0Independents0–2Official title: Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to Buffalo Field Office Record of Decision and Approved Resource Management Plan Amendment.
What this does
This resolution overturns a Bureau of Land Management rule under the Congressional Review Act, so the rule has no force or effect. The targeted rule is the Buffalo Field Office Record of Decision and Approved Resource Management Plan Amendment, issued November 20, 2024, which governs land-use management for that BLM field office in Wyoming. The resolution cites a September 18, 2025 Government Accountability Office opinion concluding the record of decision qualifies as a rule subject to the Congressional Review Act. Nullifying the plan amendment leaves the prior management plan in place; under the Act, BLM may not reissue a substantially similar rule without new authorization from Congress.
Single subject. A one-sentence Congressional Review Act disapproval of one BLM rule, with no other provisions.
- HR 5371Nov 10, 2025Economics and Public FinanceBundledBecame LawNay
Continuing Appropriations and Extensions Act, 2026
Senate vote · 60-40
Democrats7–38Republicans52–1Independents1–1Official title: H.R. 5371, Continuing Appropriations and Extensions Act, 2026
What this does
Division A funds most of the federal government at fiscal year 2025 rates and conditions through January 30, 2026, treats that coverage as beginning October 1, 2025, and provides that employees be paid, including back pay, ending a lapse in appropriations. Section 120 bars any federally funded reduction in force through January 30, 2026, and voids any reduction in force an executive agency took between October 1, 2025, and enactment, reinstating affected employees as of September 30, 2025, with back pay. Divisions B, C, and D provide full-year fiscal 2026 appropriations for Agriculture, Rural Development, the FDA, and related agencies; the Legislative Branch; and Military Construction, Veterans Affairs, and related agencies. Divisions E and G extend agricultural programs and Department of Veterans Affairs authorities. Division F extends funding for community health centers, the National Health Service Corps, and teaching health centers that run graduate medical education programs through January 30, 2026, and carries Medicare, Medicaid, human-services, FDA over-the-counter drug user fee, and No Surprises Act provisions. Division H keeps the budgetary effects of the extender divisions off the statutory PAYGO scorecards.
Eight divisions under one short title. A single yes carried a stopgap continuing resolution that reopened the government, three full-year appropriations bills (Agriculture-FDA, Legislative Branch, and Military Construction-VA), agricultural and health and veterans extenders, and a PAYGO exemption. The reduction-in-force reversal in Section 120 and the full-year Agriculture, Legislative Branch, and MilCon-VA budgets all ride on the same vote as the short-term funding patch.
- SJRES 80Oct 30, 2025Public Lands and Natural ResourcesBecame LawNay
Overturning the BLM Alaska Petroleum Reserve Plan
Senate vote · 52-45
Democrats1–43Republicans51–0Independents0–2Official title: A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to "National Petroleum Reserve in Alaska Integrated Activity Plan Record of Decision".
What this does
Congress voids a Bureau of Land Management decision governing the National Petroleum Reserve in Alaska. Using the Congressional Review Act, the resolution disapproves the BLM's National Petroleum Reserve in Alaska Integrated Activity Plan Record of Decision, issued April 25, 2022, and provides that the rule shall have no force or effect. The resolution rests on a Government Accountability Office opinion dated July 24, 2025 that treats the record of decision as a rule subject to the Congressional Review Act.
Single subject. One Congressional Review Act disapproval of one named BLM record of decision, with no additional provisions.
- SJRES 88Oct 30, 2025Foreign Trade and International FinancePassed ChamberYea
Terminating the Global Tariffs National Emergency
Senate vote · 51-47
Democrats45–0Republicans4–47Independents2–0Official title: A joint resolution terminating the national emergency declared to impose global tariffs.
What this does
This joint resolution ends the national emergency that the President declared on April 2, 2025, in Executive Order 14257, which the resolution describes as the emergency declared to impose global tariffs. It directs that the emergency be terminated under section 202 of the National Emergencies Act. The termination would take effect on the date the resolution becomes law. Its single operative clause does nothing beyond ending that one declared emergency.
The resolution has one operative clause that terminates a single national emergency, so it stands on its own.
- SJRES 77Oct 29, 2025Foreign Trade and International FinancePassed ChamberYea
Ending the Canada Tariff Emergency
Senate vote · 50-46
Democrats44–0Republicans4–46Independents2–0Official title: A joint resolution terminating the national emergency declared to impose duties on articles imported from Canada.
What this does
This joint resolution ends the national emergency that the President declared on February 1, 2025, in Executive Order 14193. That emergency served as the legal basis for placing duties on goods imported from Canada. Acting under section 202 of the National Emergencies Act, Congress votes to terminate the emergency, which withdraws the authority behind those tariffs. The resolution contains a single operative clause and addresses only this one emergency declaration.
The resolution does one thing: it terminates a single national emergency declaration. There are no separate or unrelated provisions attached, so it stands on its own.
- SJRES 81Oct 28, 2025Foreign Trade and International FinancePassed ChamberYea
Ending the Brazil Tariff Emergency
Senate vote · 52-48
Democrats45–0Republicans5–48Independents2–0Official title: A joint resolution terminating the national emergency declared to impose duties on articles imported from Brazil.
What this does
This resolution terminates the national emergency the President declared on July 30, 2025 in Executive Order 14323, which was used to impose duties on articles imported from Brazil. It acts under section 202 of the National Emergencies Act, the provision that lets Congress end a declared emergency. Ending the emergency removes the legal basis for the tariffs tied to it.
Every word of the resolution serves the one act it names: ending the July 30, 2025 emergency behind the Brazil tariffs. There is no second subject and no rider.
- HJRES 106Oct 9, 2025Public Lands and Natural ResourcesBecame LawNay
Overturning the BLM Central Yukon Resource Plan
Senate vote · 50-46
Democrats0–44Republicans50–0Independents0–2Official title: Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to "Central Yukon Record of Decision and Approved Resource Management Plan".
What this does
This resolution overturns the Bureau of Land Management's Central Yukon Record of Decision and Approved Resource Management Plan, issued November 12, 2024. Using the Congressional Review Act, it declares that the plan shall have no force or effect, stripping the management framework BLM adopted for those public lands in Alaska. The resolution rests on a Government Accountability Office opinion, dated June 25, 2025 and printed in the Congressional Record, that treats the record of decision as a rule subject to the Act.
Single subject. The resolution does one thing: it nullifies one named BLM land-management plan and carries no other provisions.
- HJRES 104Oct 8, 2025Public Lands and Natural ResourcesBecame LawNay
Overturning the BLM Miles City Resource Plan
Senate vote · 52-47
Democrats0–45Republicans52–0Independents0–2Official title: Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to "Miles City Field Office Record of Decision and Approved Resource Management Plan Amendment".
What this does
This resolution overturns a Bureau of Land Management rule under the Congressional Review Act, so the rule has no force or effect. The targeted rule is the Miles City Field Office Record of Decision and Approved Resource Management Plan Amendment, issued November 20, 2024, which governs land-use management for that BLM field office in Montana. The resolution cites a June 25, 2025 Government Accountability Office opinion concluding the record of decision qualifies as a rule subject to the Congressional Review Act. Nullifying the plan amendment leaves the prior management plan in place; under the Act, BLM may not reissue a substantially similar rule without new authorization from Congress.
Single subject. A one-sentence Congressional Review Act disapproval of one BLM rule, with no other provisions.
- HJRES 105Oct 8, 2025Public Lands and Natural ResourcesBecame LawNay
Overturning the BLM North Dakota Resource Plan
Senate vote · 50-45
Democrats0–43Republicans50–0Independents0–2Official title: Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to "North Dakota Field Office Record of Decision and Approved Resource Management Plan".
What this does
Congress voids a Bureau of Land Management land-management plan for North Dakota. Using the Congressional Review Act, the resolution disapproves the BLM's North Dakota Field Office Record of Decision and Approved Resource Management Plan, issued January 14, 2025, and provides that the rule shall have no force or effect. The resolution rests on a Government Accountability Office opinion dated June 25, 2025 that treats the record of decision and management plan as a rule subject to the Congressional Review Act.
Single subject. One Congressional Review Act disapproval of one named BLM record of decision and management plan, with no additional provisions.
- HR 3944Aug 1, 2025AppropriationsBundledBecame LawNayBroke with party
MilCon-VA, Agriculture, and Legislative Branch Appropriations, 2026
Senate vote · 87-9
Democrats37–6Republicans49–2Independents1–1Official title: Military Construction and Veterans Affairs, Agriculture, and Legislative Branch Appropriations Act, 2026
What this does
The bill provides fiscal year 2026 appropriations across three divisions. Division A funds military construction and the Department of Veterans Affairs: Veterans Compensation and Pensions at $241,947,603,000, Medical Services at $59,858,000,000, Medical Community Care at $38,700,000,000, and the Cost of War Toxic Exposures Fund at $52,676,000,000; it rescinds $15,889,000,000 of fiscal year 2025 Medical Services funds and $610,000,000 of Medical Support and Compliance funds previously provided under the Full-Year Continuing Appropriations Act, 2025. Division A also bars funds from closing or realigning Naval Station Guantanamo Bay and from building or expanding facilities in the United States to house Guantanamo detainees. Division B funds Agriculture, Rural Development, the Food and Drug Administration, and related agencies, including the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program at $118,139,341,000 with a $3,000,000,000 reserve and the WIC program at $8,200,000,000. Division C funds the legislative branch, including Capitol Police salaries of $653,422,000. The text is a Senate substitute that struck everything after the enacting clause of the House-passed bill.
Three appropriations bills moved as one. A single yes funded military construction and the Department of Veterans Affairs (division A), Agriculture, Rural Development, and the Food and Drug Administration (division B), and the legislative branch (division C). Section 2 states that each division stands as its own Act, and section 3 ties each to its own Senate report. The version is an Engrossed Amendment Senate: the Senate struck all after the enacting clause of the House bill and inserted its own text, so this is the Senate's substitute, though the three-subject title still matches the content. Veterans' health care could not be funded without also funding food stamps and the operations of Congress.
- HR 4Jul 17, 2025AppropriationsBecame LawNay
Rescissions Act of 2025
Senate vote · 51-48
Democrats0–44Republicans51–2Independents0–2What this does
This law cancels budget authority the President proposed to rescind in a June 3, 2025 special message, using the rescission process of the Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act. The rescissions take effect immediately on enactment. Most of the cancelled money is foreign aid: unobligated balances for contributions to international organizations and international peacekeeping, global health programs, migration and refugee assistance, development and economic support funds, disaster assistance, and multilateral funds including the Clean Technology Fund. Individual cancellations include $800,000,000 from Migration and Refugee Assistance, $2,500,000,000 from Development Assistance, $1,650,000,000 from the Economic Support Fund, and $500,000,000 from Global Health Programs. Several rescissions carry provisos protecting specified programs from the cut, including HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria, nutrition, and maternal and child health under Global Health Programs; assistance to Jordan and Egypt and the Countering PRC Influence Fund under the Economic Support Fund; and U.S. commodity-based food aid such as Food for Peace under Development and Disaster Assistance. The law also rescinds all amounts for the Corporation for Public Broadcasting for fiscal years 2026 and 2027.
Single subject in form (rescissions of budget authority) but it reaches across many separate accounts. It is one instrument cancelling funds from foreign-aid programs and public broadcasting alike, so the effects span unrelated policy areas even though the legal action is uniform.
- HR 1Jul 1, 2025Economics and Public FinanceBundledBecame LawNay
2025 Reconciliation Act
Senate vote · 50-50
Democrats0–45Republicans50–3Independents0–2Official title: An act to provide for reconciliation pursuant to title II of H. Con. Res. 14.
What this does
This is the 2025 budget reconciliation act, a single 338-section package that changes tax, health, energy, immigration, agriculture, defense, and education law at once. It is far too large to lay out in full, so what follows are its major components; a single yes vote carried the entire 338-section package, and the complete detail is in the bill text. On taxes, Congress made the reduced individual income tax rates permanent by striking their scheduled end after 2025, raised the standard deduction, and created new deductions including one for tips capped at $25,000. Congress terminated the clean-vehicle tax credits for vehicles acquired after September 30, 2025. On health, Congress required states to make Medicaid eligibility conditional on 80 hours a month of work or equivalent activity, beginning no later than 2027. On immigration, Congress appropriated $46,550,000,000 to build the border wall system. Congress added new work-requirement terms to SNAP and shifted more program costs onto states. Congress raised the federal debt limit by $5,000,000,000,000. The bill also opens federal land to oil, gas, and coal leasing, caps and terminates student-loan programs, and rescinds a long list of climate and clean-energy funds.
Bundle. This is a reconciliation vehicle: one vote carried every committee's instructions at once. A member could not vote for the tax cuts without also voting for the Medicaid work requirement, the $46.55 billion border wall, the $5 trillion debt-limit increase, the clean-energy credit terminations, and the student-loan changes. The coupling point is the reconciliation process itself, which packages unrelated subjects from ten House committees into a single bill that cannot be amended on the floor and passes with a simple Senate majority. The subjects are not germane to one another; they are joined only by the budget procedure.